Possible to add custom blocks/items?

Would it be possible to add fully implemented blocks like a new type of ore using Bukkit?
Me and a friend decided to create a custom server about a week ago. Both of us had no experience with nearly anything that had to do with modding, including any programming language. But we figured "What the hell, why not!". Anyway, My first attempt at modding the server was with MCP2.7 and it went quite well. I was able to add new blocks that worked perfectly. They had randomly generated ore, ingots, and even tools and weapons made out of the new material.
Then I found Bukkit and I desperately want to use some of the amazing addons developed with it.
After two nights of headaches trying to learn Java, Eclipse, Bukkit, and Git(still not to sure on that one ), I wanted to convert my mod to a Bukkit addon. So, before I dive head first into a Bukkit, I wanted to know if what I wanted to do was even possible right now?

 

You know, when I first tried programming, I started with Objective-C. I remember randomly typing code that I knew did a specific thing, but not how and why. Hell I didn't even know how to use arguments. Then I tried Java and the same thing happened all over again! Decided to try Bukkit, and I basically got an epiphany and understood everything. Yes. It's possible.

 

Heh, same things been happening here. When I first opened the .java files I had no clue what I was looking at. Then I just started trying things. After a two days of that my mod was done. I think I just need to keep myself submersed in all this Bukkit stuff and I should have an addon in no time!
While I know it's not that simple I still want to keep coding, this is ridiculously fun. And now that I have information that what I want to do IS possible I'm all excited about making my first Bukkit mod!

 

Its not possible for now in bukkit to create you own block/item

 

This would explain most of my confusion.
So is there any way to combine my mod with craftbukkit? like get the source files of craftbukkit from Git and compile my own build? (I have no idea what I'm talking about, just tossing in some ideas)